New computer

filip76 · January 1, 2022, 9:57pm

I tried to run KVM on my desktop in the past, but with no luck. I can’t tell what went wrong. I probably explained it to myself with the hardware limitation of my computer.

No, I certainly don’t plan a virtual machine farm. So far, I have used VBox to test other systems, such as FreeNAS.

Due to the fact that my laptop, or in fact my wife’s laptop - the old Toshiba Satellite with Windows, is becoming less and less usable - and the attempt to replace the RAM was not fully successful - I decided to start a discussion here whether or not to speed up the replacement of my desktop

OpenSUSE will definitely remain my main system and Windows will run in a virtual machine. There is also a dual boot option - because of the wife who wants to have easy access “to the computer”

Although in one of the first threads I wrote about buying a laptop with Windows only and switching to this platform, the strength of habit (or maybe laziness) keeps me with OpenSUSE

karlmistelberger · January 1, 2022, 10:09pm

filip76:

You’re right, I don’t have an SSD. I had the previous, small Transcend - 32 GB but I replaced it a few years ago with a 2.5 "HDD - and I forgot about it [facepalm]. I was convinced that it was an SSD …

Regarding the mITX board - this is my chase - CHIETEC BT-02B. There is a choice - the old housing and searching among mITX boards or adding the housing to the shopping list.
In the store where I usually buy electronics, many items are unavailable. This applies to the cheaper ones. For example, MSI MEG Z490I UNIFY is available.

In turn, mATX is available twice as cheap MSI MAG B560M BAZOOKA, so for the price difference I can buy a new chase.

These are just two arbitrary examples of motherboards, what is your opinion on this?

What processor would you suggest? i5 10th gen will be enough?

Considering the option with the Dell Latitude 7490 laptop, I could buy it for about $ 600 (Intel Core i7-8650U 16 GB / 256.00 GB). For $ 80 I could buy a docking station, for another $ 80 a battery, and for 130 - a 1TB drive. So for the equivalent of $ 900, I could buy a laptop.

We can consider $ 900 on the top of my desktop upgrade budget, although I’d rather spend less, say $ 600.
I would need:

motherboard

processor

RAM

chase (if we change the disc format to other than mITX)

Edit:
I did not include a cooling paste or a Windows license in my list, but the license is not urgent as long as I still have an old laptop.

I certainly do not need a DVD because I have, I would also buy an SSD drive, but only for the system and at / home, taking into account the processing of photos and videos, 250 GB should be enough to save projects, ready films and photos would be stored on the HDD.

For discussing the parts list I choose Mindfactory. Components are available from many vendors which may have better offers.

filip76 · January 1, 2022, 10:25pm

Thanks a lot!

filip76 · January 3, 2022, 9:31am

Hi,

I am wondering about one point. I assumed that in the most likely scenario I would install OpenSUSE as the main system and Windows in a virtual machine.

Thanks to this, I would use the computer as before, starting Windows if necessary.

But when buying a used computer, as suggested here, I would most often have Windows installed (often in the Pro version).

In this situation, the option with a virtual machine becomes more difficult for at least two reasons:

technical - how to get the system image from the recovery partition?
legal - if I understand the information from Dell support correctly - 1 computer = 1 system installation; so Windows can be installed either on disk or in a virtual machine.

Forgive these trivial questions, but the last Windows system that I worked with with administrator privileges was Win XP (then only Linux privately, professionally - Windows without root privileges).
What would you do in this case, assuming you paid for the Windows license with your computer?

Option with virtual machine, download Windows from Microsoft website and register in virtual machine with original product key (which I suppose I will get with computer)? What about the Recovery partition - is it justified to keep it (e.g. for later resale?)? Will it work?
Dual boot - it seems to be the simplest but the least elegant option. I assumed that I would use Windows sporadically (for iPhone syncing with iTunes and Garmin eTrex). But perhaps Windows Pro should be used for other purposes?

In such a situation, keeping my existing HDD with data, I would have a difficult access due to the file system - ext4 and encryption of some partitions.
Besides, working more on Windows, I would have to run an SMB and DLNA file server on it, and the files are on ext4 partitions.
Yes, there is an option to transfer data to the Windows partition when replacing the disks with new ones, but I would not like to increase the cost of buying a computer with the cost of new disks.

Setting Windows as the root system, OpenSUSE in a virtual machine. Is it possible to clone a host computer (OpenSUSE) to a virtual machine (OpenSUSE), perform a snapshot and then run a snapshot in Windows?

Which of these ideas makes the most sense to you? I know that it is best to verify it in practice, but before spending money, it is worth thinking twice
I emphasize that at my age, the war of systems does not matter to me anymore, but I care about obtaining certain functionalities and comfortable use.

Last question - is the antivirus program “must have” in Windows?

Thank you and best regards!

karlmistelberger · January 3, 2022, 12:48pm

What works best for many users is multi boot:

**erlangen:~ #** fdisk -l /dev/nvme0n1 /dev/sda 
**Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 476.94 GiB, 512110190592 bytes, 1000215216 sectors**
Disk model: Samsung SSD 950 PRO 512GB                
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 
Disklabel type: gpt 
Disk identifier: A84F222E-0177-499B-A7EA-BDA6F31E2196 

**Device        ****   Start****       End****  Sectors****  Size****Type**
**/dev/nvme0n1p1     2048     206847    204800   100M EFI System **
/dev/nvme0n1p2   206848   25806847  25600000  12.2G Linux filesystem 
**/dev/nvme0n1p3 25806848 1000214527 974407680 464.6G Linux filesystem **


**Disk /dev/sda: 232.89 GiB, 250059350016 bytes, 488397168 sectors**
Disk model: Samsung SSD 850  
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes 
Disklabel type: gpt 
Disk identifier: 8DDF3D13-6D21-462C-8B35-7F46FD561E45 

**Device    ****    Start****      End**** Sectors**** Size****Type**
**/dev/sda1       2048    206847   204800  100M EFI System **
/dev/sda2     206848  63121407 62914560   30G Linux filesystem 
/dev/sda3   63121408 147007487 83886080   40G Linux filesystem 
/dev/sda4  147007488 208447487 61440000 29.3G Linux filesystem 
/dev/sda5  208447488 267042815 58595328 27.9G Linux filesystem 
/dev/sda6  267042816 328482815 61440000 29.3G Linux filesystem 
/dev/sda7  328482816 389922815 61440000 29.3G Linux filesystem 
**/dev/sda8  389922816 389955583    32768   16M Microsoft reserved **
**/dev/sda9  389955584 488396799 98441216 46.9G Microsoft basic data **
**erlangen:~ #**

I installed Windows from the iso: How to Install Windows 10 for Free - Forums Feedback - openSUSE Forums The product key can be entered later.

With a modern SSD the default openSUSE partitioning works best. Swap is optional. I have RAM instead:


**erlangen:~ #** lsblk -f /dev/nvme0n1 
NAME        FSTYPE FSVER LABEL                UUID                                 FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS 
nvme0n1                                                                                            
├─nvme0n1p1 vfat   FAT16                      6DEC-64F9                              91.5M     8% /boot/efi 
├─nvme0n1p2 xfs                               f62b0c85-6bd1-48d6-a04a-b148d3892a3d                 
└─nvme0n1p3 btrfs        tumbleweed-nvme0n1p3 e7ad401f-4f60-42ff-a07e-f54372bc1dbc   69.6G    85% /var 
                                                                                                  /usr/local 
                                                                                                  /srv 
                                                                                                  /root 
                                                                                                  /opt 
                                                                                                  /home 
                                                                                                  /boot/grub2/x86_64-efi 
                                                                                                  /boot/grub2/i386-pc 
                                                                                                  /.snapshots 
                                                                                                  / 
**erlangen:~ #**

BTW:

**erlangen:~ #** inxi -Fm  
**System:    Host:** erlangen **Kernel:** 5.15.12-1-default x86_64 **bits:** 64 **Console:** pty pts/1 **Distro:** openSUSE Tumbleweed 20220101 
**Machine:   Type:** Desktop **Mobo:** ASUSTeK **model:** PRIME B450-PLUS **v:** Rev X.0x **serial:** 201278343101133 **UEFI:** American Megatrends 
           **v:** 2409 **date:** 12/02/2020 
**Memory:    RAM:****total:** 29.26 GiB **used:** 3.55 GiB (12.1%) 
           **Array-1:****capacity:** 128 GiB **slots:** 4 **EC:** None 
           **Device-1:** DIMM_A1 **size:** No Module Installed 
           **Device-2:** DIMM_A2 **size:** 16 GiB **speed:** 2133 MT/s 
           **Device-3:** DIMM_B1 **size:** No Module Installed 
           **Device-4:** DIMM_B2 **size:** 16 GiB **speed:** 2133 MT/s 
**CPU:       Info:** Quad Core **model:** AMD Ryzen 5 3400G with Radeon Vega Graphics **bits:** 64 **type:** MT MCP **cache:****L2:** 2 MiB 
           **Speed:** 1239 MHz **min/max:** 1400/3700 MHz **Core speeds (MHz):****1:** 1239 **2:** 1250 **3:** 1661 **4:** 1752 **5:** 1240 **6:** 1326 **7:** 1421 
           **8:** 2699 
**Graphics:  Device-1:** AMD Picasso/Raven 2 [Radeon Vega Series / Radeon Vega Mobile Series] **driver:** amdgpu **v:** kernel 
           **Display:****server:** X.Org 1.21.1.2 **driver:****loaded:** amdgpu,ati **unloaded:** fbdev,modesetting,vesa 
           **resolution:** 1920x1080~60Hz 
           **OpenGL:****renderer:** AMD Radeon Vega 11 Graphics (RAVEN DRM 3.42.0 5.15.12-1-default LLVM 13.0.0) **v:** 4.6 Mesa 21.3.1 
**Audio:     Device-1:** Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] Raven/Raven2/Fenghuang HDMI/DP Audio **driver:** snd_hda_intel 
           **Device-2:** Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 17h HD Audio **driver:** snd_hda_intel 
           **Device-3:** Tenx USB AUDIO **type:** USB **driver:** hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid 
           **Sound Server-1:** ALSA **v:** k5.15.12-1-default **running:** yes 
           **Sound Server-2:** PulseAudio **v:** 15.0 **running:** yes 
**Network:   Device-1:** Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet **driver:** r8169 
           **IF:** eth0 **state:** up **speed:** 100 Mbps **duplex:** full **mac:** f0:2f:74:33:b2:4a 
**Drives:    Local Storage:****total:** 2.97 TiB **used:** 393.86 GiB (13.0%) 
           **ID-1:** /dev/nvme0n1 **vendor:** Samsung **model:** SSD 950 PRO 512GB **size:** 476.94 GiB 
           **ID-2:** /dev/sda **vendor:** Samsung **model:** SSD 850 EVO 250GB **size:** 232.89 GiB 
           **ID-3:** /dev/sdb **vendor:** Samsung **model:** SSD 850 EVO 500GB **size:** 465.76 GiB 
           **ID-4:** /dev/sdc **vendor:** Seagate **model:** ST2000DM001-1CH164 **size:** 1.82 TiB 
**Partition: ID-1:** / **size:** 464.63 GiB **used:** 393.86 GiB (84.8%) **fs:** btrfs **dev:** /dev/nvme0n1p3 
           **ID-2:** /boot/efi **size:** 99.8 MiB **used:** 8.3 MiB (8.3%) **fs:** vfat **dev:** /dev/nvme0n1p1 
           **ID-3:** /home **size:** 464.63 GiB **used:** 393.86 GiB (84.8%) **fs:** btrfs **dev:** /dev/nvme0n1p3 
           **ID-4:** /opt **size:** 464.63 GiB **used:** 393.86 GiB (84.8%) **fs:** btrfs **dev:** /dev/nvme0n1p3 
           **ID-5:** /var **size:** 464.63 GiB **used:** 393.86 GiB (84.8%) **fs:** btrfs **dev:** /dev/nvme0n1p3 
**Swap:      Alert:** No swap data was found. 
**Sensors:   Message:** No sensor data found. Is lm-sensors configured? 
**Info:      Processes:** 297 **Uptime:** 3h 29m **Shell:** Bash **inxi:** 3.3.07 
**erlangen:~ #**

malcolmlewis · January 3, 2022, 2:24pm

filip76:

Hi,

I am wondering about one point. I assumed that in the most likely scenario I would install OpenSUSE as the main system and Windows in a virtual machine.

Thanks to this, I would use the computer as before, starting Windows if necessary.

But when buying a used computer, as suggested here, I would most often have Windows installed (often in the Pro version).

In this situation, the option with a virtual machine becomes more difficult for at least two reasons:

technical - how to get the system image from the recovery partition?

legal - if I understand the information from Dell support correctly - 1 computer = 1 system installation; so Windows can be installed either on disk or in a virtual machine.

Forgive these trivial questions, but the last Windows system that I worked with with administrator privileges was Win XP (then only Linux privately, professionally - Windows without root privileges).
What would you do in this case, assuming you paid for the Windows license with your computer?

Option with virtual machine, download Windows from Microsoft website and register in virtual machine with original product key (which I suppose I will get with computer)? What about the Recovery partition - is it justified to keep it (e.g. for later resale?)? Will it work?

Dual boot - it seems to be the simplest but the least elegant option. I assumed that I would use Windows sporadically (for iPhone syncing with iTunes and Garmin eTrex). But perhaps Windows Pro should be used for other purposes?

In such a situation, keeping my existing HDD with data, I would have a difficult access due to the file system - ext4 and encryption of some partitions.
Besides, working more on Windows, I would have to run an SMB and DLNA file server on it, and the files are on ext4 partitions.
Yes, there is an option to transfer data to the Windows partition when replacing the disks with new ones, but I would not like to increase the cost of buying a computer with the cost of new disks.

Setting Windows as the root system, OpenSUSE in a virtual machine. Is it possible to clone a host computer (OpenSUSE) to a virtual machine (OpenSUSE), perform a snapshot and then run a snapshot in Windows?

Which of these ideas makes the most sense to you? I know that it is best to verify it in practice, but before spending money, it is worth thinking twice
I emphasize that at my age, the war of systems does not matter to me anymore, but I care about obtaining certain functionalities and comfortable use.

Last question - is the antivirus program “must have” in Windows?

Thank you and best regards!

Hi
MS Windows is a free download, no need for recovery images (unless your wanting the carp ware), there might be a need for some driver downloads, but most are found by windows…

If the machine has a license, then good to go with either physical and/or virtual AFAIK and activation is automatic…

I have a physical WinX available as well as WinXI in a virtual machine. Use neither much…

filip76 · January 3, 2022, 5:48pm

Thank you very much for your opinions!

Ok, I think a lot depends on the equipment supplier and warranty records, for example Dell. When buying a new Dell computer, I would rather go with a multi-boot boot. By the way - I became interested in the ready-made Dell Precision 3450 i5-10505 / 16GB / 512 / Win10P desktop (Intel® W580 chipset).

It is different when I build the system myself and download it from the site as you propose.
In this option I would compose something according to the Karlmistelberger proposal, or buy something ready, for example Lenovo IdeaCentre 5 i5-10400 / 16GB / 512 (no OS, Intel B560 chipset).

As I mentioned above, if I would significantly exceed the budget, for example, buying such Dell, I would rather choose a multiboot. My wife, who may partially contribute to the costs;), would prefer Windows to start when the “power” button is pressed.

Choosing a cheaper hardware option, i.e. assembling a computer according to your proposal (thank You very much again) or buying a ready-made one (and without my wife’s financial contribution), I would prepare it to be convenient for me, i.e. Windows in a virtual machine. Rather

Best wishes!

karlmistelberger · January 3, 2022, 6:08pm

filip76:

Thank you very much for your opinions!
Ok, I think a lot depends on the equipment supplier and warranty records, for example Dell. When buying a new Dell computer, I would rather go with a multi-boot boot. By the way - I became interested in the ready-made Dell Precision 3450 i5-10505 / 16GB / 512 / Win10P desktop (Intel® W580 chipset).

It is different when I build the system myself and download it from the site as you propose.
In this option I would compose something according to the Karlmistelberger proposal, or buy something ready, for example Lenovo IdeaCentre 5 i5-10400 / 16GB / 512 (no OS, Intel B560 chipset).

As I mentioned above, if I would significantly exceed the budget, for example, buying such Dell, I would rather choose a multiboot. My wife, who may partially contribute to the costs;), would prefer Windows to start when the “power” button is pressed.

Choosing a cheaper hardware option, i.e. assembling a computer according to your proposal (thank You very much again) or buying a ready-made one (and without my wife’s financial contribution), I would prepare it to be convenient for me, i.e. Windows in a virtual machine. Rather

Best wishes!

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In the end-user area, finished PCs are generally not recommended because there has been a race to the bottom. Build the PC yourself or specify to a local PC shop exactly which parts should be put in, and don’t leave anything unspecified.

pbojczuk · January 3, 2022, 6:44pm

filip76,
even though it appears you are more into virtualizing this alternative non-posix system, please have look at the following thread:
https://forums.opensuse.org/showthread.php/561162-Dualboot-2-oddzielne-fizyczne-dyski-suseł-nie-widzi-windy-(pełen-opis)-post

just to get sensitized regarding the changes related to booting nowadays.

filip76 · January 3, 2022, 7:01pm

Thanks for the warning! I thought about a finished computer, because they actually look a bit cheaper with similar parameters (Lenovo). In the case of Dell (which is well above my original budget), I thought that maybe I have been using Linux unnecessarily for so many years …

Thanks for the tip, but I should change my computer more than once in 10 years

malcolmlewis · January 3, 2022, 7:29pm

Hi
Like I indicated earlier, the HP Z series are Linux friendly with SLE support, which by nature includes openSUSE if after a desktop, I used the SLE hp-flash utility to update my BIOS with no issues (But HP have other tools available to do it via USB device as well). I have a couple of Intel DQ77MK boards, one upgraded the CPU to a 4 core/8 thread system, it works great with hardware passthrough (GPU[GT710’s], SATA and Ethernet) to qemu machines. It all boils down to $$$ to spend, weigh up your options with what your end goal is IMHO…

filip76 · January 3, 2022, 9:01pm

At the price of the equipment that karlmistelberger proposed to me, I can buy HP Z440 XEON E5-1630 v3 / 16GB / 960SSD / Win 10 Pro (license sticker) - about $ 700

… or HP WORKSTATION Z440 Xeon E5-1650 v4 / 16GB / 480 SSD + QUADRO

… or - for $ 800 Z440 Tower Xeon E5-1650 v4 / 32 GB / 960 SSD / Win 10 Pro + QUADRO

However, this processor seems quite old.

For $ 820 I can buy DELL PRECISION 3640 i5 10400 16GB 960SSD (Win 10 Home license sticker).

I find this option quite interesting - it’s a newer computer than the Z440.

I would like this equipment to work for about 5 years at a good level

filip76 · January 3, 2022, 9:57pm

…or Dell Precision 3640 Tower / i3-10100 / 32GB DDR4 / 256GB SSD M.2 / Windows 10 Home - 600 $ rotfl!

malcolmlewis · January 3, 2022, 10:36pm

Hi
Anything new will have it’s issues, see https://lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/factory@lists.opensuse.org/thread/XWU4RH6JWKZCBQZBNWQROGVKMD6BLFDF/ about optane, expect some extra work if wanting to run Leap, it’s all a process especially with backporting. Prices seem a lot more over in Europe

karlmistelberger · January 3, 2022, 10:37pm

Enterprise models: Stationäre Precision-Workstations | Dell Deutschland You have been warned: They don’t specify vendor and model of each component.

filip76 · January 4, 2022, 7:36am

This Dell is not that new, I can choose between a SATA SSD or an M.2 SSD in it. Do you think this is a risk?
Regarding hardware support in Linux - that’s why I wrote that I do not insist on this system;) Old age has its rights, and I put comfort very high;)
But I would probably like OpenSUSE as a host and Windows in a virtual machine. With a strong computer, using Windows will not be a problem, I will be able to test this system.

I have no influence on prices, unfortunately. But it applies to most things, new electronics too …

Yes thank you. But is something especially bothering you?

I found two sellers - one sells demo equipment and comes with a one-year self-warranty. It also has a network of points and many years of experience.
The other one sells new equipment, with a 3-year Dell warranty - is it a stock?

Contrary to appearances, I trust the one-year warranty provided by the seller more than sending me back to Dell by someone who bought the stock. I need to check Dell warranty terms …

karlmistelberger · January 4, 2022, 8:38am

Some reasonable machine: https://www.dell.com/de-de/work/shop/desktops-all-in-ones-pcs/precision-3650-tower/spd/precision-3650-workstation/n201p3650mtemea_vi Compare the somewhat weird exploded-view image of the Precision 3650 to the straight design of the Corsair 200R: https://www.corsair.com/ww/en/Categories/Products/Cases/Carbide-Series™-200R-Compact-ATX-Case/p/CC-9011023-WW

Assembling your own machine with affordable standard components is as easy as putting together a few Lego bricks. Consumers enjoy a two year warranty and may undo the purchase for two weeks. Between 1991 and 1998 I bought one machine from stock and 2 tailored ones. In 2003 I switched to assembling from tailored retail components, see https://karlmistelberger.wordpress.com/1991/01/25/entwicklung-der-hardware-meines-pc/ and the signature below. If unsure ask a local dealer for a bid based on a detailed specification, as suggested by the comment here: https://forums.opensuse.org/showthread.php/564637-New-computer?p=3096103#post3096103

filip76 · January 4, 2022, 6:34pm

Thank you very much for your time and a lot of knowledge that you wanted to share with me.

My current computer was assembled almost 10 years ago from the elements that a colleague from the local opensuse forum proposed to me (this forum does not exist anymore, but I have met a few survivors here;))
The market situation discouraged me a bit from assembling the computer myself - some components are not immediately available or I would have to buy them from several vendors.
It’s actually no problem to wait patiently, but I decided to take the risk and ordered a Dell Precison 3640 i3-10100 256GB-SSD 16GB W10 - it’s due to come to me tomorrow.

If I encounter real problems, then I will ask for help in the right place on the forum, but today I can only talk about plans.

I’m going to use clonezilla to save this Dell disk image to some external archive.
I do not know yet whether I will leave the dual boot or format the disk and install OpenSUSe and then a virtual machine with Windows.
80% of me will be a computer user, but in both Linux and Windows I will create the “wife” user.

If you have any suggestions, I’d love to hear from you.

Thank you and best regards!

malcolmlewis · January 4, 2022, 6:41pm

filip76:

Thank you very much for your time and a lot of knowledge that you wanted to share with me.

My current computer was assembled almost 10 years ago from the elements that a colleague from the local opensuse forum proposed to me (this forum does not exist anymore, but I have met a few survivors here;))
The market situation discouraged me a bit from assembling the computer myself - some components are not immediately available or I would have to buy them from several vendors.
It’s actually no problem to wait patiently, but I decided to take the risk and ordered a Dell Precison 3640 i3-10100 256GB-SSD 16GB W10 - it’s due to come to me tomorrow.

If I encounter real problems, then I will ask for help in the right place on the forum, but today I can only talk about plans.

I’m going to use clonezilla to save this Dell disk image to some external archive.
I do not know yet whether I will leave the dual boot or format the disk and install OpenSUSe and then a virtual machine with Windows.
80% of me will be a computer user, but in both Linux and Windows I will create the “wife” user.

If you have any suggestions, I’d love to hear from you.

Thank you and best regards!

Hi
Excellent But make sure you read the thread on the Mailing List (Post #34 in this thread), I would suggest a good look at the system BIOS for all the disk settings before booting…

karlmistelberger · January 4, 2022, 10:45pm

You’re welcome.

The market situation discouraged me a bit from assembling the computer myself - some components are not immediately available or I would have to buy them from several vendors. It’s actually no problem to wait patiently, but I decided to take the risk and ordered a Dell Precison 3640 i3-10100 256GB-SSD 16GB W10 - it’s due to come to me tomorrow.

You may boot into a live system and run “inxi -zaFm”.