I used to install opensuse by opensuse.iso (several GB) lying on the disk by network-opensuse.iso written to a USB disk, but now the version is 16.0, where is the option to specific the path of opensuse.iso?

Just use the kernel parameter

iso-scan/filename=/full/path/to/agama16.iso

Where /full/path/to/agama16.iso - is the full path from the root directory of the filesystem with this image. See man dracut.cmdline for additional details.