I need to share only a specific folder in a NTFS partition. I will use this folder as temporary storage to exchange data between Linux and Windows 10 in a dual boot system.
NTFS partition is mounted at boot then it’s available (see here) but I would avoid that any user can access all partition because it contains data that can’t be changed. Then I would limit access only to a specific folder (and may be subfolder).
I do not think that is easy to do. As you will have understood, this is a question of ownership and permissions. On a Linux file system, you would see that the x bit is set for “others” on all directories in the path leading to that directory and that that all inside that directory would have r and w bits (and when needed directory x-bits) set for "others.
But you do not have a Linux file system. And ownership and permissions are set using parameters during mount (in /etc/fstab in your case), but they are then faked throughout the whole file system. Maybe that a Bind mount of that particular directory can help. But I would not be surprised if you then go over the limits that the interface with non-Linux file system offers.
The feature of mounting non-Linux (most often MS Windows) file systems in Linux is created to make a direct exchange between the Linux OS and data stored in that non-Linux way possible. It is never designed to replace Linux file systems with all that belongs to them.