I read a bit online and it seems these are kernel panics, and many indicated hardware failures. I would believe hardware failures, but the old kernel works without issue.
fwiw: over the years this has occurred on Laptops and pc’s. it also happened this week on a HUAWEI 15D, which is less than 1 year old.
Doing a fast power on/off cycle usually overcomes this effect.
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Was this installation to a VM, or directly to a PC? If directly to a PC, you need kernel-default, not kernel-default-base. 6.1.0 base working sounds like a lucky fluke. Kernel-default-base includes only a skeleton set of drivers.