Welcome to openSUSE and to openSUSE forums.
It would be useful to understand a few things so to try and better provide you support. You note this sound works in Ubuntu but not in openSUSE-13.1. Are you using a brand new /home or is this the same /home that you had used previous in Ubuntu ? If the same /home, and with pulse audio enabled, then it would be useful to look for a /home/username/.pulse directory, and if that was there then change its name to .pulse-ubuntu. Note the ‘dot’ in front of the file name makes it a hidden file.
In fact if same /home as Ubuntu, it may even be worth while checking to see if a new user (with a new /home) has the same problem.
Note openSUSE-13.1 has no startup sound by default, so do not use that as a criteria that sound is or is not working.
Also, with pulse audio enabled, you can better configure pulse audio by installing the application pauvcontrol and configuring per the guidance given in these two blogs:
Another test with pulse audio enabled, is to try this command in a terminal/konsole (and report here any errrors):
paplay -v /usr/share/sounds/alsa/test.wav
also try these two commands to play sound directly from alsa:
aplay -v /usr/share/sounds/alsa/test.wav
and
speaker-test -c2 -l5 -twav
Note the dmesg entry you reference:
ALSA patch_realtek.c:490 realtek: No valid SSID, checking pincfg 0x4005e601 for NID 0x1d
ALSA patch_realtek.c:506 realtek: Enabling init ASM_ID=0xe601 CODEC_ID=10ec0889
may indicate a problem, BUT it is not a 100% certainty of such. I’ve seen that error when sound worked. Wrt the SSID settings, the alsa document gives these (from the HD-Models.txt file) as possible settings that can be forced in an appropriate configuration file if need be (and we can try each of those, one at a time, later if need be) :
ALC88x/898/1150
======================
acer-aspire-4930g Acer Aspire 4930G/5930G/6530G/6930G/7730G
acer-aspire-8930g Acer Aspire 8330G/6935G
acer-aspire Acer Aspire others
inv-dmic Inverted internal mic workaround
no-primary-hp VAIO Z/VGC-LN51JGB workaround (for fixed speaker DAC)
But before trying anything like that, it would be useful to see the content output of a diagnostic script having been run. Please with PC connected to interne in a konsole/terminal send the following command, select the SHARE/UPLOAD option, and let the script complete execution. In the konsole/terminal will be a web address/url that you are advised to pass to those trying to give you support.
/usr/sbin/alsa-info.sh
with the information from that script we may have a better idea as to where support should be focussed.
Thankyou for posting on our forum, and good luck.