This is the main screen of xsane. Some other apps have been similarly affected (Iscan, guayadeque (a music player)), but most have not. I suspect it has something to do with GTK support, as I have found that in the “Application Style” unit of KDE System Settings, clicking on “Preview” in the Gnome/GTK Application Style theme selectors produces the same kind of image, regardless of which GTK2 or GTK3 theme I select.
I thought that it might have been because of a messed up update, but this current image is from a fresh install of the newest (20191203) Tumbleweed image.
Possibly you have a corrupted cache. Log out of KDE, login on a vtty (Ctrl-Alt-F3), delete content of ~/.cache/, then log into KDE to check if it helped.
Changing the GTK font fixed it. Some of the fonts work, some don’t. I was using “Utopia” for my system font. Changing the GTK font to “Noto Sans” cleared it up.
As noted though, many other fonts besides Utopia cause garbled text.