To begin with: I never had to do that sort of recovery to any of my databases. So the only thing I can do is to refer you to the documentation.
The second red box in the documentation says
Please note that recovery mode does not repair corruption.
My understanding of the documentation is:
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You start the database daemon (mariadbd/mysqld) with lets say --innodb-force-recovery=1.
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You start up mariadb/mysql and try to SELECT tables in order to dump their data or try to DROP faulty tables.
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If that does not work you stop the database daemon and restart it with the next higher value for innodb-force-recovery. Then you try 2.) again. In the end: The higher the value which will allow you to dump data (or drop tables) the less data you will be able to recover.