No, actually it doesn’t. **Stable: **software that is maintained for professional use, it does not offer new functionalities, but is quite bullet proof. Stable does however NOT mean unmaintained. The stable version receive regular updates and care.
As well stable does not mean *old. *When software gets old it is labeled generally “deprecated”. In this moment you know that there is either a program that has substituted the latter or that the software in use is considered obsolete due to technological progress.
Unstable are the versions that are testing versions. If you want to think like a steak, the STABLE part is well done, the unstable part is quite raw, and the testing one is the bleeding etch of our steak.
OpenSuse is a bit more complicated in structure. Bear in mind that Novell is a for profit company that makes its revenue with services provided to the paying (!) customers.
The OpenSuse project is a sponsored project and there is as we know from economics “no free lunch”. So what does OpenSuse give back to Novel?
Let’s say that stable in OpenSuse is a bit more unstable because the new version offers all the necessary features (and maybe also the non necessary).
As fixes go on, the confirmed and very stable versions flow into the **SLED (Suse Linux Enterprise Desktop). ** If you wish professional stability and need to comply to enterprise wide homogeneity of install you may opt for this version and pay in order to receive also professional assistance. OpenSuse is able to offer this too, but it requires from you much more professional capacity if you want to run it in such an environment.
All distributions have different business models. Redhat had Fedora as a free distribution, Mandriva has Mandriva One as free distribution in order to attract new potential paying clients.
You referred to Debian, this is a very influential distribution and maybe a kind of social project. You shall read this link about Debian to get a more in depth understanding about the structure (that is complex). Also Debian has given origin to a similar “bleeding edge” and “well done structure”. Ubuntu is for example “derived” from the base of Debian. A lot of other distributions too.
All this to clear your mind about a few things:
a) as long as your operating system is maintained it is safe. Once it is unmaintained, either you have the professional quality to apply all necessary security fixes and read all the bulletins (which would get IMHO a hilarious opportunity cost) or you update to a
b) maintained version of the same distribution. Maintained means that you have repositories that are cared for by professionals and where you can be sure to find working (at least in 99% of the cases lol! ) fixes and new software.
c) you may change distribution if one is not compliant with your hardware. Other distributions may use “old” kernels but that does not mean “unmaintained” it means simply they use an old and light version for being applicable on old IT material. These old kernels are not deprecated either. They are just the well done part of the steak.
d) deprecated / unmaintained is in our picture a half eaten, rotten piece of meat that stinks and have worms all over. At the beginning of course it smells only a bit and may have no worms. You decide when the “taste” gets too smelly. But this is a personal decision. By itself you know from what we said above what you risk.
Hope that makes your view a bit clearer, and that you will enjoy our medium-stage, tasty OpenSuse steak. 