You expect too much from my memory. So we can see your configuration, paste here input/output from:
sudo lsblk -f
sudo parted -l
cat /etc/fstab
Note in advance my response will be limited by non-use of, and nominal familiarity with, BTRFS.
Hi Malcolm,
Many thanks. Will investigate this. Still trying to think through how booting discriminates between USB IDs if I need to boot a live disk but as usual there is always a good solution out there.
Too soon to know how much faster but the rebuilt machine does seem much more responsive so many thanks for the suggestions. So glad I didn’t need to build a new machine!
Regards,
Budge
Here is the output from the new build:-
alastair@localhost:~> sudo lsblk -f
[sudo] password for root:
NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
sda xfs 0c0e35c9-f21b-413a-b06e-c3ac080b856e
sdb
├─sdb1 vfat FAT16 4984-3BBA 494.7M 1% /boot/efi
└─sdb2 btrfs 5a77689e-7e36-4350-9e88-b941370e6cbb 112.9G 0% /boot
sr0
sr1
nvme0n1
btrfs 70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 1.8T 0% /
alastair@localhost:~>
alastair@localhost:~>
alastair@localhost:~> sudo parted -l
Model: IBM ServeRAID M5014 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 2997GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 2997GB 2997GB xfs
Model: Kingston DT microDuo 3C (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 124GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 525MB 524MB primary fat16 lba, type=0c
2 525MB 124GB 123GB primary btrfs type=83
Model: NVMe Device (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 2000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 2000GB 2000GB btrfs
alastair@localhost:~>
alastair@localhost:~>
alastair@localhost:~> cat /etc/fstab
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 / btrfs defaults 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /var btrfs subvol=/@/var 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /usr/local btrfs subvol=/@/usr/local 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /tmp btrfs subvol=/@/tmp 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /srv btrfs subvol=/@/srv 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /root btrfs subvol=/@/root 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /opt btrfs subvol=/@/opt 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /home btrfs subvol=/@/home 0 0
UUID=5a77689e-7e36-4350-9e88-b941370e6cbb /boot btrfs defaults 0 0
UUID=4984-3BBA /boot/efi vfat utf8 0 2
alastair@localhost:~>
Hope it will be OK. Seems to have the intended business on the NVME but need to sort out mounting the Raid xfs for /multimedia and then I can move the system back to office.
I thought I would be able to create a new partition on / and then mount my xfs partition on it. I think I have it wrong but am not sure why I couldn’t see any result. This what I ran:-
alastair@localhost:~> sudo mkdir /multimedia/
[sudo] password for root:
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/multimedia/’: File exists
alastair@localhost:~> sudo mount /dev/sda /multimedia/
mount: /multimedia: /dev/sda already mounted on /multimedia.
alastair@localhost:~>
What I am trying to do is use the xfs partition on which to save my multimedia but cannot see anything using Dolphin.
Please could somebody tell me what I am doing wrong? I think my problem is that I do not have any partition on sda but how do I sort this out? Here is what I have on my system:
alastair@localhost:~> sudo lsblk -f
NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
sda xfs 0c0e35c9-f21b-413a-b06e-c3ac080b856e 2.7T 0% /multimedi
sdb
├─sdb1 vfat FAT16 4984-3BBA 494.7M 1% /boot/efi
└─sdb2 btrfs 5a77689e-7e36-4350-9e88-b941370e6cbb 112.9G 0% /boot
sr0
sr1
nvme0n1
btrfs 70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 1.8T 0% /
alastair@localhost:~>
For some reason the /dev/sda partition had been directly mounted. I have changed it now so my system looks like this:-
alastair@localhost:~> sudo lsblk -f
[sudo] password for root:
NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
sda
└─sda1 xfs c5fceaa5-4dc3-4796-acc4-589d9f920a2b
sdb
├─sdb1 vfat FAT16 4984-3BBA 494.7M 1% /boot/efi
└─sdb2 btrfs 5a77689e-7e36-4350-9e88-b941370e6cbb 112.9G 0% /boot
sr0
sr1
nvme0n1
btrfs 70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 1.8T 0% /
alastair@localhost:~>
What I want to do is have all my multimedia files on the xfs partition in a partition /dev/sda1/Mastermedia and have this available from my home directory /home/alastair/multimedia.
Will press on.
I almost have it as:-
alastair@localhost:~> sudo lsblk -l
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 2.7T 0 disk
sda1 8:1 0 2.7T 0 part /home/alastair/multimedia
sdb 8:16 1 115.5G 0 disk
sdb1 8:17 1 500M 0 part /boot/efi
sdb2 8:18 1 115G 0 part /boot
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
sr1 11:1 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 1.8T 0 disk /
alastair@localhost:~>
What I believe I want is to have the directory Mastermedia on the /dev/sda/sda1 partition and this mounted to /home/alastair/multimedia. I cannot create the directory Mastermedia on the /dev/sda/sda1 partition.
Think I am stuck now. I have changed the ownership of the multimedia directory and this works fine but I am trying to copy the arrangement I have on my other system which I cannot access at present.
You’re confusing terms.
Nothing gets mounted to anything in /dev/.
Some devices in /dev/ can be have filesystems created on them.
Devices in /dev/ that have filesystems on them can be mounted to (mountpoint) directories .
For filesystems normally mounted at the same place on every boot, it’s tradition, if not required, to have an entry in /etc/fstab to designate the appropriate directory.
Hi and thanks for clarifying, but is what I now have OK? I believe I have my /home/alastair/multimedia directory mounted on /dev/sda/sda1. Is that right?
I am now able to save files on the multimedia directory which I hope are actually being saved on /dev/sda/sda1. Is that correct?
If for some reason the mounting is severed will my files still saved and be available once directory re-mounted? More reading required.
Forgive me I had a bad night. Fire alarm (false) all personnel in car park at 03:00. Not popular. Problem caused by plumbing leak and water getting to alarm detector head. Had to stay on watch all night because we couldn’t re-set system. Now my thinking is more muddled than ever. Still not received new graphics adaptor.
Regards,
Budge
I was too optimistic. I thought I had copied some files to the /home/alastair/multimedia. When I looked in the directory it was empty although Dolphin told me the copying was taking place.
Please identify my mistake!
Possibly because it seems the partition is mounted at /run/media/alastair/c5fceaa5-4dc3-4796-acc4-589d9f920a2b/
and needed permission to open. Not what I thought at all. More reading for me.
mkdir /home/alastair/multimedia
sudo echo UUID=c5fceaa5-4dc3-4796-acc4-589d9f920a2b /home/alastair/multimedia xfs users,uid=1000,gid=100,nofail 0 0 >> /etc/fstab
on subsequent boots should put your RAID filesystem where you want it instead of inconveniently dumping it in /run… This assumes user alastair is a member of group 100 and is user 1000. Adjust uid and gid accordingly if not.
Hi mrmazda, that’s a bit harsh, I certainly didn’t intend to inconveniently dump anything. I thought I had carefully placed the mount in the right place, but ignorance is bliss! I had already created /home/alastair/multimedia. When I ran the second line the echo to /etc/fstab failed so I ran the command again as root and re-booted.
My files were not evident in /home/alastair/multimedia so while using Dolphin I looked at my devices where the 2.7 TiB Hard Drive is shown.
I couldn’t open it and received the request for password. The prompt came from Polkit so I entered my root user password as expected but this time I have a new error:-
An error occurred while accessing ‘Home’, the system responded: The requested operation has failed: Error mounting system-managed device /dev/sda1: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sda1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error
The command certainly added the line in fstab:-
alastair@localhost:~> sudo cat /etc/fstab
[sudo] password for root:
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 / btrfs defaults 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /var btrfs subvol=/@/var 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /usr/local btrfs subvol=/@/usr/local 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /tmp btrfs subvol=/@/tmp 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /srv btrfs subvol=/@/srv 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /root btrfs subvol=/@/root 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /opt btrfs subvol=/@/opt 0 0
UUID=70703557-36cb-421a-9169-f7691e9ea7f5 /home btrfs subvol=/@/home 0 0
UUID=5a77689e-7e36-4350-9e88-b941370e6cbb /boot btrfs defaults 0 0
UUID=4984-3BBA /boot/efi vfat utf8 0 2
UUID=c5fceaa5-4dc3-4796-acc4-589d9f920a2b /home/alastair/multimedia xfs users,uid=1000,gid=100,nofail 0 0
alastair@localhost:~>
But clearly I messed up again.
alastair@localhost:~> ls -l
total 1
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 0 Jul 18 23:52 bin
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 70 Jul 18 23:56 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 0 Jul 18 23:56 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 9972 Jul 19 20:48 DownloadDirector
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 360 Jul 19 14:52 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Jul 21 20:41 multimedia
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 58 Jul 22 18:43 Music
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 38 Jul 22 16:54 Network_addresses
drwxr-xr-x 26 alastair users 4096 Jul 7 22:35 pCloudDrive
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 0 Jul 18 23:56 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 0 Jul 18 23:56 Public
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 0 Jul 18 23:56 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 1 alastair users 0 Jul 18 23:56 Videos
alastair@localhost:~>
I remember changing the ownership of /multimedia so clearly didn’t do it right.
Also it seems that my efforts to mount the Hard Drive have failed as /dev/sda and /dev/sda1 are not mentioned:-
alastair@localhost:~> mount
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,noexec,size=4096k,nr_inodes=65536,mode=755)
securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,size=13188220k,nr_inodes=819200,mode=755)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,size=4096k,nr_inodes=1024,mode=755)
cgroup2 on /sys/fs/cgroup/unified type cgroup2 (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,name=systemd)
pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
none on /sys/fs/bpf type bpf (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=700)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,rdma)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids)
/dev/nvme0n1 on / type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=256,subvol=/@)
systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=29,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pipe_ino=33921)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tracefs on /sys/kernel/tracing type tracefs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
/dev/sdb2 on /boot type btrfs (rw,relatime,space_cache,subvolid=5,subvol=/)
/dev/nvme0n1 on /opt type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=262,subvol=/@/opt)
/dev/nvme0n1 on /tmp type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=259,subvol=/@/tmp)
/dev/nvme0n1 on /srv type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=260,subvol=/@/srv)
/dev/nvme0n1 on /root type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=261,subvol=/@/root)
/dev/nvme0n1 on /home type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=263,subvol=/@/home)
/dev/nvme0n1 on /usr/local type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=258,subvol=/@/usr/local)
/dev/nvme0n1 on /var type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=257,subvol=/@/var)
/dev/sdb1 on /boot/efi type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=6594108k,nr_inodes=1648527,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=100)
pcloud on /tmp/.mount_pcloud7kbg4k type fuse.pcloud (ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=100)
KeePassXC-2.6.6-x86_64.AppImage on /tmp/.mount_KeePasV4Doqt type fuse.KeePassXC-2.6.6-x86_64.AppImage (ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=100)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=100)
pCloud.fs on /home/alastair/pCloudDrive type fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=100)
KeePassXC-2.6.6-x86_64.AppImage on /tmp/.mount_KeePas5r8S7B type fuse.KeePassXC-2.6.6-x86_64.AppImage (ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=100)
alastair@localhost:~>
What next?
Take a look for errors/clues in journalctl and dmesg to find more info about what’s going wrong with sda1.
Someone who has ever used xfs filesystems might be needed here. Maybe my options for the fstab entry are missing something. You could delete that new line added to fstab, make sure sda1 is not mounted, then use the YaST2 partitioner to setup mounting that partition to /home/alastair/multimedia.
Something else I suppose could help is doing as malcolmlewis suggested in #20 to create a udev rule to hide sda1 from udev. I’ve never tried any such creation myself.
Following to he letter but a bit stuck. Using expert partitioner I am OK with paras 2 through 6 but am stuck with selecting a mount point as the choices given are /home, /var, /opt, /srv, /temp and /usr/local. How can I add a mount point when all the options are already used as Subvolumes?
The RAID is showing as /dev/sda with an XFS partition sda1. Am I OK just to edit the mount drop down to /Mastermedia. It seems so.
Hi
Just type in what you want in the drop down, it’s just a suggestion dropdown…
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 223.6G 0 disk
└─sda1 8:1 0 223.6G 0 part /stuff
sdb 8:16 1 117.7G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 1 117.7G 0 part /run/media/username/56428fe9-f28d-47b5-8c85-764d0645cedc <- my cronopete backup disk
nvme0n1 259:0 0 476.9G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 248M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 56G 0 part /
├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 19G 0 part /home
├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 14G 0 part /opt
├─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 14G 0 part /usr/local
├─nvme0n1p6 259:6 0 139G 0 part /data
├─nvme0n1p7 259:7 0 139G 0 part /var/lib/docker
├─nvme0n1p8 259:8 0 94G 0 part /var/lib/libvirt
└─nvme0n1p9 259:9 0 1.7G 0 part [SWAP]
Hi Malcolm,
That’s what I hoped so tried it but the installation has stalled. Will start over as I had it waiting a long time and now I know where I am going I hope it whizzes through. Will call for more help if stall is repeated.
P.S. Love my new screen with great resolution!!!
It has been a while and my system is stuck at the first stage “preparing disks.” You can see how long from the times of my messages.
I suspect I have a problem. I am thinking now to leave off the hard drive from the installation menu and then add it later using yast.
Not sure how long I should leave it trying but I have not asked for a detailed scan or anything clever so 30 mins should have seen more action. Any views?
Patience has it’s own rewards. System has now continued. Much longer than I expected but we shall see the results soon. Fingers crossed.
Hi
I would look at a starting again (install should be less than 10 minutes), with just the NVMe device, easy to add disks later, now with my WD NVMe device I had to add the following grub boot option (press the e key at install grub) else it would stall;
nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0
This was a NMVe controller issue…
I also not your using the raw NVMe device, no partition? Does your device support 4096 LBA, if so would suggest a switch from 512… boot in rescue mode from install medai to check.
smartctl -a /dev/nvme0n1
And now for something new:-
Package Tree is broken, integrity check has failed.
Error: 3:tree-1.7.0-1.30x86_64 (openSUSE-Leap-15.3-1): Signature
/var/adm/mount/AP0xWmYg6p/x86_64/tree-1.7.0-1.30.x86_64.rp
The root of this is that the checksum has failed. Not sure if this is due to incompatibility between what is on my DVD which is a week or so old and what is available on line or somebody has hacked the system but I have aborted. I shall now try a net installation which hopefully should run. If this fails I shall do an installation from the DVD but without allowing the on line connection.
Interesting but a dreadful thief of time.