Generally if you have a CD or USB drive you might as well load the OS off it since you are not short of space on the drive. After that you would login to the server with a remote X session and then you would be effectively running on the server. You can do this even on a normal installed openSUSE, at the display manager login there’s an option to choose a remote X session.
If you wanted to run locally but mount a remote home then you have to set up NFS for /home.
If you don’t want even a CD or USB drive, there’s network booting where you use the PXE ROM on your BIOS to fetch the OS over the network. LTSP enables this sort of thin client to be set up, but you need to set up DHCP and TFTP services on the server in addition to NFS.