I had a similar issue recently with Chrome, Chrome Beta, Brave … no doubt Chromium will have it too.
This fix works for me.
For each affected app, I had to delete the associated GPUCache sub-directory.
There is quite a few to delete, search for them like this
find ~/ -type d -name GPUCache
(in the users home directory)
They can all be deleted in one fell swoop with:
find ~/ -type d -name GPUCache -exec rm -rf {} +
… but do it at your own risk.
I actually renamed them to “GPUCache–hold”, just in case … then fired up each browser up one by one … all of them renewed as they should.
Sidenotes
My desktops have AMD Radeon RX for graphics - all affected.
The laptops use Mesa Intel UHD Graphics … NOT affected.
This is a bug, apparently, with libllvm1?