How to reach OpenGL?

English Programming/Scripting
1

Hello, I want to make OpenGL programs by c++. Correct me, if I’m wrong. I think:
1. GPU makers implement OpenGL, and directx. AMD, and Nvidia provide their own implementations of OpenGL APIs, and it comes with their drivers.
2. Mesa’s an open-source implementation of OpenGL. It can use hardware acceleration of Nvidia and AMD GPUs
3. Proprietary drivers implementation’s faster than Mesa.
4. I installed fglrx from OpenSUSE, so I have the driver, and the APIs.
I want to learn OpenGL, but I can’t find it’s library. When I compile:

#include <GL/gl.h>#include <GL/glut.h>
void display()
{ 
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutDisplayFunc(display);
    glutMainLoop();
}

, I get

fatal error: GL/gl.h: No such file or directory
#include <GL/gl.h>
^
compilation terminated.

1. How to use OpenGL provided with the drivers?
2. If I want to use Mesa, what package should I install in OpenSUSE?

Notes:
1. I just downloaded the 64bit package for OpenSUSE 13.1, and installed it. I’ve switchable graphics AMD + Intel.
2. I can run DOTA 2, so I guess the driver’s successfully installed.
3. What I wrote may be wrong.

2

Install freeglut-devel and Mesa-libGL-devel for the missing header
files. I have no experience with ati, so I do not know if they provide
an extra SDK with special header files.

–
PC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i7-2600@3.40GHz | 16GB | KDE 4.11 | GTX 650 Ti
ThinkPad E320: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i3@2.30GHz | 8GB | KDE 4.11 | HD 3000
HTPC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | Celeron@1.8GHz | 2GB | Gnome 3.10 | HD 2500

3

Hello, I installed freeglut-devel, which came with Mesa-libGL-devel, and I can use OpenGL now. Thanks for your help.
I meant the ordinary OpenGL libraries (like libGL.so), which I think it’s provided by AMD, and Nvidia, and I think it has better performance, and support for the latest versions of OpenGL (Mesa supports OpenGL 3.1).

4

Am 26.01.2014 15:56, schrieb sherif6:
> Hello, I meant the ordinary OpenGL libraries(-like libGL.so-), which I
> think it’s provided by AMD, and Nvidia, and I think it has better
> performance,
Ok I misinterpreted what you meant, at least for nvidia you will have
the linkage against the nvidia proprietary libraries automatically when
you specify the usual -lGL as it overwrites the mesa libs (not really it
just changes the symbolic links, I would need to check that).
I would guess it is the same or similar if you have fglrx for ati
installed and nothing special has to be done.

–
PC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i7-2600@3.40GHz | 16GB | KDE 4.11 | GTX 650 Ti
ThinkPad E320: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i3@2.30GHz | 8GB | KDE 4.11 | HD 3000
HTPC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | Celeron@1.8GHz | 2GB | Gnome 3.10 | HD 2500

5

Just to add that you may want to check it yourself to be sure.


martinh@sirius:~/tmp> ldd a.out
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff8cffe000)
libGL.so.1 => /usr/X11R6/lib64/libGL.so.1 (0x00007f7c98771000)
libglut.so.3 => /usr/lib64/libglut.so.3 (0x00007f7c98525000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f7c98176000)
libnvidia-tls.so.331.38 =>
/usr/lib64/tls/libnvidia-tls.so.331.38 (0x00007f7c97f73000)
libnvidia-glcore.so.331.38 =>
/usr/lib64/libnvidia-glcore.so.331.38 (0x00007f7c95765000)
libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libX11.so.6 (0x00007f7c95427000)
libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libXext.so.6 (0x00007f7c95215000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f7c95011000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f7c94d0e000)
libXi.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libXi.so.6 (0x00007f7c94afe000)
libXrandr.so.2 => /usr/lib64/libXrandr.so.2 (0x00007f7c948f4000)
libXxf86vm.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libXxf86vm.so.1 (0x00007f7c946ee000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f7c98aa4000)
libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007f7c944cf000)
libXrender.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libXrender.so.1 (0x00007f7c942c5000)
libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libXau.so.6 (0x00007f7c940c1000)
martinh@sirius:~/tmp> rpm -qf /usr/X11R6/lib64/libGL.so.1
nvidia-glG03-331.38-23.1.x86_64
martinh@sirius:~/tmp>

For nvidia this shows that the libGL linked against is from nvidia-gl03
which is the proprietary library (this rpm -qf of course only works
because I used the rpm’s for nvidia not the binary installer from their
website).

You can for sure do similar tests for your ati.

–
PC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i7-2600@3.40GHz | 16GB | KDE 4.11 | GTX 650 Ti
ThinkPad E320: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i3@2.30GHz | 8GB | KDE 4.11 | HD 3000
HTPC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | Celeron@1.8GHz | 2GB | Gnome 3.10 | HD 2500

6

Output from

rpm -qf /usr/X11R6/lib64/libGL.so.1

is

file /usr/X11R6/lib64/libGL.so.1 is not owned by any package

Output from

rpm -qf /usr/lib64/libGLU.so.1

is

libGLU1-9.0.0-7.1.2.x86_64

Before installing freeglut-devel with Mesa-libGL-devel, the program in the first post hadn’t compiled with -lGL, and -lGLU. Does it mean fglrx doesn’t come with them?

7

Am 26.01.2014 23:06, schrieb sherif6:
> Note: Before installing freeglut-devel with Mesa-libGL-devel, the
> program in the first post didn’t compile with -lGL, and -lGLU. Does it
> mean fglrx doesn’t come with them?

I think you just have a more complex setting as you indicate in your
first post that you have switchable graphics (I forgot about your dual
graphics when I did my last post), so it makes a difference which
graphics card is active for the run and you cannot use such a simple
trick as I had shown, sorry I have no clue how to check for ati/intel
dual graphics what is used with your program or not without benchmarking
its performance.

You may want to ask a moderator to move that thread to
programming/scripting instead of hardware where it is now to get more
feedback from other programmers who use in contrast to me amd gpu’s.
I am afraid they will not look here in hardware.

–
PC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i7-2600@3.40GHz | 16GB | KDE 4.11 | GTX 650 Ti
ThinkPad E320: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i3@2.30GHz | 8GB | KDE 4.11 | HD 3000
HTPC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | Celeron@1.8GHz | 2GB | Gnome 3.10 | HD 2500

8 
Hi, I found this post http://phoronix.com/forums/showthread.php?7351-Does-fglrx-s-libGL-so-1-2-have-wrong-soname, and I found in /usr/lib64/fglrx a script called switchlibGL:

#!/bin/sh#
# Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Sebastian Siebert (freespacer@gmx.de)
# All rights reserved.
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
# obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
# files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
# restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
# copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
# Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
# conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
# OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
# HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
# WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
# OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.


# Set local language always to C
export LC_ALL=C
export LANG=C


if  "$(whoami)" != "root" ]; then
    echo "Must be root to run this script." 1>&2
    exit 1
fi


if  $# -ge 2 ]; then
    echo "Usage: $(basename $0) <amd|intel|query>" 1>&2
    echo "Please choose one parameter" 1>&2
    exit 1
fi


ARCH=`uname -m`
case "${ARCH}" in
    i?86)
        LIB="lib"
    ;;
    x86_64)
        LIB="lib64"
    ;;
esac


function switch_to_amd() {


    if  -f /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0 ]; then
        OPENGL_VERSION="1.2.0"
        ln -snf /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/fglrx/fglrx-libGL.so.1.2 \
                /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0
        ln -snf libGL.so.1.2.0 /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/**libGL.so.1.2**
    elif  -f /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2 ]; then
        OPENGL_VERSION="1.2"
        ln -snf /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/fglrx/fglrx-libGL.so.1.2 \
                /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2
    fi
    ln -snf libGL.so.1.2 /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1
    ln -snf libGL.so.1 /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so
    /sbin/ldconfig /usr/X11R6/${LIB}
    if  "${LIB}" = "lib64" ]; then
        if  "${OPENGL_VERSION}" = "1.2.0" ]; then
            ln -snf /usr/X11R6/lib/fglrx/fglrx-libGL.so.1.2 \
                    /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1.2.0
            ln -snf libGL.so.1.2.0 /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1.2
        elif  "${OPENGL_VERSION}" = "1.2" ]; then
            ln -snf /usr/X11R6/lib/fglrx/fglrx-libGL.so.1.2 \
                    /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1.2
        fi
        ln -snf libGL.so.1.2 /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1
        ln -snf libGL.so.1 /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so
        /sbin/ldconfig /usr/X11R6/lib
    fi


}


function switch_to_intel() {


    if  -f /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0 ]; then
        OPENGL_VERSION="1.2.0"
        ln -snf /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0 \
                /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0
        ln -snf libGL.so.1.2.0 /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2
    elif  -f /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2 ]; then
        OPENGL_VERSION="1.2"
        ln -snf /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2 \
                /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2
    fi
    ln -snf libGL.so.1.2 /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1
    ln -snf libGL.so.1 /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so
    /sbin/ldconfig /usr/X11R6/${LIB}
    if  "${LIB}" = "lib64" ]; then
        if  "${OPENGL_VERSION}" = "1.2.0" ]; then
            ln -snf /usr/lib/libGL.so.1.2.0 \
                    /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1.2.0
            ln -snf libGL.so.1.2.0 /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1.2
        elif  "${OPENGL_VERSION}" = "1.2" ]; then
            ln -snf /usr/lib/libGL.so.1.2 \
                    /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1.2
        fi
        ln -snf libGL.so.1.2 /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so.1
        ln -snf libGL.so.1 /usr/X11R6/lib/libGL.so
        /sbin/ldconfig /usr/X11R6/lib
    fi


}


function get_current_driver() {


    if  -f /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0 ]; then
        LIB_LINK="`readlink /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0 2&gt;/dev/null`"
    elif  -f /usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2 ]; then
        LIB_LINK="`readlink /usr/X11R6/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2 2&gt;/dev/null`"
    fi


    if  "${LIB_LINK}" = "/usr/X11R6/${LIB}/fglrx/fglrx-libGL.so.1.2" ]; then
        echo "amd"
    elif  "${LIB_LINK}" = "fglrx/fglrx-libGL.so.1.2" ]; then
        echo "amd"
    elif  "${LIB_LINK}" = "/usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2.0" ]; then
        echo "intel"
    elif  "${LIB_LINK}" = "/usr/${LIB}/libGL.so.1.2" ]; then
        echo "intel"
    else
        echo "unknown"
    fi


}


case "$1" in
    amd)
        echo "Switch to AMD" 1>&2
        switch_to_amd
    ;;
    intel)
        echo "Switch to Intel" 1>&2
        switch_to_intel
    ;;
    query)
        get_current_driver
    ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $(basename $0) <amd|intel|query>" 1>&2
        exit 1
    ;;
esac


exit 0

I ran it without knowing what it does, but I found in it libGL.so.1.2. Maybe the bug in the post is still exist?
I agree with you. I’ll send an E-mail to one of the global moderators to move it.

9

How to move a thread to an another location?

10

Am 29.01.2014 21:16, schrieb sherif6:
>
> How to move a thread to an another location?
>
>
Below your posts there is a small triangle with an ! to report it, just
enter as comment that you want to move it and where to move it. It is
the report feature useful in such situations an admin will get the info,
it is not only for spam.

–
PC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i7-2600@3.40GHz | 16GB | KDE 4.11 | GTX 650 Ti
ThinkPad E320: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i3@2.30GHz | 8GB | KDE 4.11 | HD 3000
HTPC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | Celeron@1.8GHz | 2GB | Gnome 3.10 | HD 2500

11

Thank you.

12

CLOSED for the moment. Will be moved to Programming/Scripting.

13

Moved from Hardware and open again.

14

May any OpenGL user, who’ve AMD proprietary driver, comment?

15

Hi
Why not contact Sebastian direct and ask him?

16

Who’s he? Isn’t there anybody learning OpenGL, and wants to use OpenGL library, provided by AMD, and Nvidia? :slight_smile:
Because of few replies, should I ask to move the thread to an another section?
Thanks.

17

Am 09.02.2014 14:36, schrieb sherif6:
> learning OpenGL, and wants to use OpenGL
> library, provided by AMD, and Nvidia? :slight_smile:

Why not simply use glGetString in your program and print it out to see
what is used at runtime?

–
PC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i7-2600@3.40GHz | 16GB | KDE 4.11 | GTX 650 Ti
ThinkPad E320: oS 13.1 x86_64 | i3@2.30GHz | 8GB | KDE 4.11 | HD 3000
HTPC: oS 13.1 x86_64 | Celeron@1.8GHz | 2GB | Gnome 3.10 | HD 2500

18

Am 09.02.2014 14:50, schrieb Martin Helm:
> Why not simply use glGetString in your program and print it out to see
> what is used at runtime?
>
That was a bit terse: I refer to query the GL_VENDOR with glGetString.

19

Hi
Saying ‘who’s he?’ doesn’t bode well with me… If you look at your post #8, you quoted a script (which was authored by Sebastian), and then I quote;


I ran it without knowing what it does....

Hence my comment, you need to be prepared to read and write comments in scripts and programs, since your didn’t know what it did (probably not a good thing to do any way) contact the Author.

20

Hello, sorry for late reply.

I’m sorry for this way. I just wrote questions directly. :shame:

I agree with you.

Why not simply use glGetString in your program and print it out to see
what is used at runtime?

I’ll do it.
Thanks for help all.