NEW Users - openSUSE Pre-install (general) - PLEASE READ

[oldcpu]

This "stickie" thread is locked, to ensure this is easier for new openSUSE users to read.

Anyone who has corrections, and/or comments, and or suggested improvements, please add them to the new thread link here:
Suggestions for openSUSE-11.2 New User Installation stickie? - openSUSE Forums
or PM one of the moderators.

NNTP users please do not post on this thread.

To start here is a link to the openSUSE community installation wiki:
Installation - openSUSE

More general forum installation suggestions follow from this post some of which is vital for new users to read and know.

MANY MANY thanks to those who have contributed to helping out new users to openSUSE.

NEW USERS - openSUSE Pre-installation - PLEASE READ
(all openSUSE versions)

.... more posts to follow ....

[oldcpu]

NEW USERS - openSUSE Pre-installation - PLEASE READ

This thread is for New openSUSE users (ie newbies to openSUSE) to provide basic guidance in burning your installation CD/DVD and installing openSUSE. This is for simple, and not complex setups.

This first post is the first of a series of posts in this thread, which will hopefully provide helpful hints on how to install openSUSE.

Note: openSUSE releases are scheduled in advance. Please wait until the release date, and then proceed to download your CD / DVD. [Before then you will get the last openSUSE version]. You may also find things somewhat slow the first day or so, as the masses all try to download at once.

1. Where to find the openSUSE installation ISO file

Note, typically you go to openSUSE web site, and download an ".iso" file. Software.openSUSE.org

You then burn that to a CD or DVD (dependent on whether you downloaded CD or DVD version) the installation CD/DVD. This first post has some important hints on that.

Please note, if you decide to download openSUSE, pay very close attention to the MD5 checksum.

2. Checking MD5 SUM on ISO FILE from Linux

The theory here is one downloads the appropriate .iso file(s). For those who already have Linux, one then runs "md5sum file.iso" (or something like that) in a konsole, against the downloaded file (which in my example I called "file.iso"). This will give an md5 checksum value. One then compares that to the checksum that is on the download web site. If they don't match, you have a problem, and you MUST download again.

Typically, bittorrent downloads are more reliable than FTP or HTTP downloads. Another new download method is metalink - ref openSUSE Lizards - Best Way to Download openSUSE (more detail here Downloading openSUSE FAST using Metalink - openSUSE Forums )

3. How to check the MD5SUM from Windows:

One completely free, MS-Windows application for running the md5 checksum on a number of different operating systems, is here on sourceforge.net: md5deep

Another gui md5 checker for MS-Windows 95/98/NT (it works in Xp as well even though it doesn't say so). The file is md5.exe (248kB) and can be downloaded from MD5 GUI for Windows. It's under the gpl licence and you can download the source if you want.

4. Burning the CD/DVD

Next, when one burns, burn the CD/DVD iso file as an "image file". For windows users, in Nero, this does not mean selecting some iso option, but rather means selecting the "image" option (this is under "file > burn image").

When burning, please burn at a VERY SLOW speed. VERY SLOW. Also, choose a CD/DVD media that is of the highest quality you can get. Don't use some no name bargain basement brand CD/DVD that you know nothing about (see the end of this post for more information on this subject).

There is further excellent guidance, providing help on "burning the ISO image" on the opensuse wiki:
SDB : Download help - Burn the ISO image

5. Ensure BIOS is set properly

Also, on the PC where the installation is to be done, ensure in one's BIOS that the PC is set to boot from the CD/DVD drive before booting from the hard drive.

6. Check MD5SUM again from within installation CD/DVD

When installing openSUSE, you may be given an option to check the MD5 checksum on your CDs (it is called a "media check" on the initial installation menu). Take the extra hour (or more) to do this!! It will potentially save you many evenings later on down the road, looking for some elusive problem that you can't find.

7. Installation Menu

If you have a simple PC setup, with only a single MS-Windows partition on your drive, then likely you can leave the "Use Automatic Configuration" selected. BUT if you believe you may have to change the location of the openSUSE boot manager GRUB in your Master Boot record then you MUST deselect "Use Automatic Configuration". If you do not, you will NOT be able to control the location of your boot manager GRUB.


8. Desktop Selection

Your two main desktop choices under the automatically installed Linux X Window System are GNOME or KDE 4 . Both are good. Surf the web for more info. Alternatively, select "Other" and you also have a choice of Xfce , or minimal X window or minimal server (text) installation. Official SuSE-GmbH support for KDE3 was stopped with openSUSE-11.1 being the last KDE3 release.

Please note the official Live CDs for openSUSE only come with KDE4 or Gnome.


9. MS-Windows Users - you MUST defrag your MS-Windows partitions before installation of openSUSE. That is because if you have not already prepared a partition for openSUSE, then openSUSE installer will try to carve up your MS-Windows hard drive (allocating space for both MS-Windows and Linux), and a badly fragmented drive can cause problems.


Good luck to all.

========================================
Notes on CD Burning. Note it is recommended one use a High Quality CD and burn at a slow speed. I have had better experiencing using the PC with the burner on which openSUSE is planned to be installed. On PCs with significant difference in CD/DVD burner age, I have noted there can be problems related, I believe due to calibration of older drives being poor. Reference burning speed and CD quality, please note the following: openSUSE Forums - some burning speed observations

The drive may not be rated at the high speed in combination with the media used. If you realise that a lot of cheap media are turned out in factories where economy wins over quality, you might have DVDs where the manufacturer ID might be fake and this causes the writer to choose the wrong burn power, which become a more serious problem at high speeds.

The drive might require the latest revision of firmware to work at high speeds. Something like this: Maybe when the drive was first issued, it was rated at 8x for all known DVDs and at 16x for QualityRUS DVDs and other brands were not available yet. As more media brands came out, the drive manufacturer might have updated the firmware to handle those. But you haven't got the latest firmware. BTW this also applies to PVR appliances.

And cheap media are just that, cheap. They are ok for handing your relative copies of programs you recorded off free-to-air TV, but don't expect them to keep data for more than months or a year. I have seen media where it was obvious that exposure to air had caused the dye layer to thin and start developing pinholes.

Having said that, I don't believe it is necessary to go down to 1x. I hardly ever have problems with 4x.

You have to watch k3b. It could pick a high speed when you choose Auto, but this is not compatible with your drive or medium for reasons given above. So set k3b manually to use 4x or less.

BTW if you want to make archival quality DVDs, two words: Taiyo Yuden. The real ones, made in Japan. And good storage conditions of course.

Reference CD/DVD quality, here is a link with good information on this subject: digitalFAQ.com | Blank DVD Media Quality Guide

[oldcpu]

Cautions to take when migrating from an old openSUSE Linux to a new

For relatively new openSUSE Linux users, who are migrating from an older openSUSE, to a more recent openSUSE, here is some advice from the SuSE-10.2 reference manual, which is a useful reference for users who are updating (or re-installing) their SuSE for the first time:
========================

5.1 Updating the System

5.1.1 Preparations

Before updating, copy the old configuration files to a separate medium, such as streamer, removable hard disk, USB stick, or ZIP drive, to secure the data. This primarily applies to files stored in /etc as well as some of the directories and files in /var and /opt. You may also want to write the user data in /home (the HOME directories) to backup medium. Back up this data as root. Only root has read permission for all local files.

Before starting your update, make note of the root partition. The command df / lists the device name of the root permission. There is also df -h.

==================
For example, I typically make copies of my /etc/fstab, /etc/X11/xorg.conf, /etc/cups, /etc/modprobe.d/sound, /boot/grub/menu.lst.
.

And I typically keep a copy of the output of:

df -Th
cat /etc/fstab
su -c 'fdisk -l' #enter root password when prompted

==================

Keep any /etc/X11/xorg.conf File.

Also, the more recent openSUSE versions (starting with openSUSE-11.2 and even more true on openSUSE-11.3) in most cases do not need an /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. However sometimes such a file comes in handy, and if you have such a file from a previous install, KEEP THE FILE!! as a backup (but only as a backup - see below). It might come in handy.

Note also:

1. If proprietary graphics driver is being used, deinstall it and do a re-boot before upgrade,
   .
2. If there is still a file /etc/X11/xorg.conf rename it. e.g. xorg.conf-[today's date],

Wireless / Network

After the upgrade you may find it necessary to rename the hidden directory /home/myname/.kde4. e.g. /home/myname/x.kde4. And then re-boot.

All desktop preferences will be lost but after re-start a fresh setup will be available for Network and Authentication initialization.

[oldcpu]

New Users - Important Links from openSUSE Community

The openSUSE community has created a number of web pages, for the specific purpose of helping new openSUSE users.

It is definitely worth while for new openSUSE users to take a look at these (below) openSUSE community URLs, which provide guidance as to how to improve one's SuSE, to go beyond the initial limitations in the "as delivered" version of SuSE provided by SuSE-GmbH:
http://opensuse-community.org/Welcome_to_open SUSE-Community.org

In particular I recommend looking at this page:
Repositories - openSUSE-Community

IMPORTANT- New Info here reflects the 12.2 repo info: Note repositories are in essence file servers on the internet containing applications, drivers, codecs, ... etc ... in this case, for openSUSE. and as a new user, when setting up your repositories by following the guidance in that page, initially set up only 5 repositories (repos). Just 5. No others. None! Those 5 are OSS, Non-OSS, Non-OSS-Update, Update, and Packman. Likely the 1st four (OSS,Non-OSS, Non-OSS-Update and Update) are already in place and you only need to add Packman. Please note that adding other repositories can cause compatibility problems. You may add others when the time comes when you learn how to solve problems that may arise from having others. Until then, stick to only the 5 repositories. One may also have to briefly add other repos, install an app, and then remove the repos (for example for installing a graphic driver, or installing an updated alsa sound driver). Once those 5 repos are setup, one can go to YaST > Software > Software Management and change the "filter" to "search" and do searches for specific applications for installation.

Specifically, for instructions on adding repositories, new openSUSE users go here, and select your openSUSE version:
Repositories - openSUSE-Community

... There is more detailed guidance in our stickie:
Multi-media and Restricted Format Installation Guide - openSUSE Forums

Another guide on installing restricted formats (ie mp3, video codecs, etc ...)
Restricted Formats - openSUSE-Community
The above suggests a one click install. If one has setup their repositories as noted earlier in this thread, it is easy to instead go to YaST > Software > Software Management and install the applications from there. IMHO one has more control via that YaST installation method (but one does need to know the name of the application).

and don't forget to look at the FAQ:
FAQ - openSUSE-Community

and again, don't forget to look at our stickie:
Multi-media and Restricted Format Installation Guide - openSUSE Forums

The above URLs also provide guidance re: playing mp3's and dvd's, installing/setting up Software Package Managers (such as Smart, Yast, ... ), one's wireless, etc ...

[oldcpu]

New Users - Additional Important Links you should know about

Here are some more important URLs for new openSUSE users (including DRIVER Information):

Linux partitioning
Theory to help in your hard drive setup before install:

• SDB:Basics of partitions, filesystems, mount points - openSUSE

Wireless under openSUSE:

• Ndiswrapper - openSUSE

openSUSE Graphic Driver - General:

• Essential openSUSE Practical Graphic Card Theory
• openSUSE Configuring your graphic card

ATI Graphics Driver Custom Install:

• ATI - openSUSE
• openSUSE ATI Card Practical Guide for Users - openSUSE Forums

Nvidia Graphics Driver Custom Install:

• NVIDIA - openSUSE
• openSUSE nVidia Card Practical Guide for Users - openSUSE Forums

Intel Graphics Driver under Linux:

• Welcome to the Linux Graphics Driver from Intel site | Graphics
• openSUSE Intel Card Practical Guide for Users - openSUSE Forums

Chrome/Via Graphics Driver under Linux:

• openSUSE Chrome/Via Card Practical Theory Guide for Users - openSUSE Forums

Printing - General guidance for printing under openSUSE:

• YaST/Modules/Printer - openSUSE
• http://en.opensuse.org/Concepts#Philosophy...printing_format
• OpenPrinting - The Linux Foundation

Webcam under openSUSE:

• HCL/Web Cameras - openSUSE

Scanner working under openSUSE:

• YaST/Modules/Scanner - openSUSE

Checking for hardware compatiblity under openSUSE:

• Hardware - openSUSE

Basic openSUSE concepts: for the Windows users migrating to openSUSE

• Concepts - openSUSE

Audio - Troubleshooting Sound:

• SDB:AudioTroubleshooting - openSUSE

MS-Windows NTFS under openSUSE:

• NTFS - openSUSE

Zypper - openSUSE Software Package Manager: for installing software under openSUSE without using the one-click install

• Zypper - openSUSE

Administrator (root) essentials:
It is not required to log into KDE/Gnome/etc as the Administrator (root) to do administrator tasks. Nor should one log into KDE/Gnome/etc as Administrator (root). Instead see:

• SDB:Login as root - openSUSE

LAMP - Advanced Users ONLY. Do you need help in setting up LAMP?

• Linux Apache MySQL PHP Server (lamp) - openSUSE
• Securing SUSE Linux - openSUSE
• Note this sort of install likely goes well beyond the capability of a new openSUSE Linux user to implement. Just because one is an expert/experienced MS-Windows user, don't assume you will automatically be an average openSUSE Linux user. Its a new OS, and unfortunately we all had to learn to crawl first in this OS, before we could walk or run.

[oldcpu]

openSUSE Support

In case any new user has purchased a "boxed" version of openSUSE, and is looking for official SuSE-GmbH support for their openSUSE, here are a couple of links:

Circumstances Warranting Installation Assistance for openSUSE
openSUSE: Support Requirements

Table providing level of support one can get with commercial boxed openSUSE
TBD (link no longer valid)

Having noted that, if one has problems with their openSUSE, please post the details of your problem here on our forum, and there is a chance one of the many volunteers on our forum will be able to help you.

[oldcpu]

Guide re: recovery when openSUSE installed on external drive

User snapperfishes created a useful guide for how to recover from a situation where one has Windows XP installed on one's computer's internal drive, and then after installing openSUSE on an external hard drive the installation has overwritten the booting sequence in the internal drive, and one can no long boot into Windows directly without the external drive.

The guide for recovery is located here:
Seperate Boot for external drive and internal drive how to - openSUSE Forums

[oldcpu]

Beginners wiki and How to Participate in openSUSE

Here is a link to a section for "Beginners" to find various openSUSE wiki that may be useful to beginners. Category:Beginners Guides - openSUSE

For those new (and old) to openSUSE, here is a link to a wiki that provides suggestions on how users can contribute/participate in the openSUSE community: How to Participate - openSUSE